History of Russian Fly by Wire
History of Russian Fly by Wire
Analogue FBW = Automatic flight control with flight envelope protection with analogue signals used for basic flight control.
Digital FBW = digital FBW with/without mechanical back up with digital signals used for primary aircraft control
Fully digital FBW = multiple redundancy digital FBW without any mechanical back up and All parts of the aircraft used to control movement are digitised along with digital engine control.
Analogue Fly by wire
The first Soviet aircraft to utilise an analogue fly by wire was the Su-7U-100LDU flown in 1968.
This was followed by the T-4 Supersonic Bomber in 1972.
The first production fighter to utilise analogue FBW was the T-10S-3 in 1980 that went on to become the Su-27.
There was MiG-31M in 1985.
Then the MiG-29M in 1986.
This was followed with the Su-33 in 1987.
Su-27M in 1988.
Lastly the Su-30 in 1989
Digital Fly by wire
The first digital fly by wire AFCS was for the Tu-160 strategic bomber in 1981.
First fighter was the Yak-141 VTOL in 1987.
In 1986 there was the An-124 cargo jet.
In 1988 the first Soviet passenger jet with FBW was made with the IL-96.
This was followed the year after in 89 with the Tu-204.
This would be followed with the Su-32 in 1990
The first production fighters with a digital FBW would be the Su-30MKK in 1997.
This would be followed by the Su-27SM, MiG-29SMT and Su-30MKI in 1998
The first Russian helicopter with a digital fly by wire AFCS was the Ansat-U in 1999.
This was followed by the Mi-38 in 2003.
Fully Digital Fly by wire
Russia's first fully digital FBW was for the Su-37 in 1996.
This was followed by the Yak-130 in 1997, which was the first production fighter with a fully digital FBW.
Other firsts include the Il-76MD-90A in 2010s.
The first helicopter with a fully digital FBW was the Mi-28NM in 2013.
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